The Complete Guide to Cotton Fabrics, Weaves & GSM Weights
Key Takeaway / Direct Answer
Combed cotton is superior to regular cotton because mechanical combing removes short impurities and aligns long fibers for a softer, stronger yarn. Supima is ultra-long staple cotton prized for premium luster. Fabric weight is measured in GSM: 180 GSM is lightweight, 220 GSM is midweight, and 240+ GSM is heavyweight luxury streetwear.
1. Carded Cotton vs Combed Cotton vs Supima Cotton
Regular carded cotton retains short broken fibers that cause fuzzing, pilling, and rough skin friction. Combed cotton discards short fibers, retaining only long silky fibers that are spun into smooth, resilient yarns. Supima cotton is grown exclusively in the USA with 45% stronger fibers for luxury apparel.
2. GSM Weight Breakdown Table
Choose your fabric weight according to climate and styling requirements:
| GSM Range | Weight Category | Feel & Thickness | Best Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| 140 - 180 | Lightweight | Thin, breezy, prone to clinging | Undergarments, running vests |
| 180 - 220 | Midweight | Soft, durable, daily casual | Classic crewnecks, polo shirts |
| 240 - 280 | Heavyweight | Structured, substantial, boxy drape | Streetwear oversized tees, graphic drops |
| 350 - 450 | Ultra-Heavyweight | Dense, thermal, brushed fleece | Winter hoodies, thick sweatshirts |
Frequently Asked Questions
Quick factual clarifications answered by our technical specialists